10. 俄罗斯方块游戏制作¶
10.1. 设计思路¶
- 背景棋盘
- 俄罗斯方块屏幕有两个区域，一个是游戏区域，一个是方块预览区域
- 游戏区域用于下落方块进行堆积
- 预览区域用于显示下一个要下落的方块类型
- 界面
- 将界面拆分成若干个的网格
- 每个格是10*10的大小
- 将预览窗口也同样拆分成网格
- 游戏就是控制在不同的时机渲染不同的网格
- 机制
- 消除机制：当某行没有空的方块时，会消除这行，同时对这行以上的所有行进行移动，向下移动一行。
- 失败条件：当第0行不为空时，则游戏结束。
10.2. 代码分析¶
- 画背景网格
class Grid(object):
def __init__(self, master=None, x=10, y=10, w=193, h=303):
self.x = x
self.y = y
self.w = w
self.h = h
self.rows = h // 10
self.cols = w // 10
self.bg = 0x000000;
print(self.rows, self.cols)
# 画背景
for i in range(320):
screen.drawline(0, i, 239, i, 1, self.bg);
# 画边界
screen.drawline(x, y, x + w - 1, y, 1, 0xFFFFFF);
screen.drawline(x + w - 1, y, x + w - 1, y + h, 1, 0xFFFFFF);
screen.drawline(x, y + h, x + w - 1, y + h, 1, 0xFFFFFF);
screen.drawline(x, y, x, y + h, 1, 0xFFFFFF);
# 画提示框边界
screen.drawline(204, 10, 204 + 32 - 1, 10, 1, 0xFFFFFF);
screen.drawline(204 + 32 - 1, 10, 204 + 32 - 1, 10 + 32, 1, 0xFFFFFF);
screen.drawline(204, 10 + 32, 204 + 32 - 1, 10 + 32, 1, 0xFFFFFF);
screen.drawline(204, 10, 204, 10 + 32, 1, 0xFFFFFF);
def drawgrid(self, pos, color):
x = pos[1] * 10 + self.x + 2
y = pos[0] * 10 + self.y + 2
for i in range(9):
screen.drawline(x, y + i, x + 9 - 1, y + i, 1, color);
def drawpre(self, pos, color):
x = pos[1] * 10 + 204 + 2
y = pos[0] * 10 + 10 + 2
for i in range(9):
screen.drawline(x, y + i, x + 9 - 1, y + i, 1, color);
- 方块种类
brick = [
[
[
[1, 1, 1],
[0, 0, 1],
[0, 0, 0]
],
[
[0, 0, 1],
[0, 0, 1],
[0, 1, 1]
],
[
[0, 0, 0],
[1, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 1]
],
[
[1, 1, 0],
[1, 0, 0],
[1, 0, 0]
]
],
[
[
[0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 1],
[0, 1, 1]
],
[
[0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 1],
[0, 1, 1]
],
[
[0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 1],
[0, 1, 1]
],
[
[0, 0, 0],
[0, 1, 1],
[0, 1, 1]
]
],
[
[
[1, 1, 1],
[0, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 0]
],
[
[0, 0, 1],
[1, 1, 1],
[0, 0, 1]
],
[
[0, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 0],
[1, 1, 1]
],
[
[1, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 1],
[1, 0, 0]
]
],
[
[
[0, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 0]
],
[
[0, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 1],
[0, 0, 0]
],
[
[0, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 0],
[0, 1, 0]
],
[
[0, 0, 0],
[1, 1, 1],
[0, 0, 0]
]
]
]
- 游戏类
class Game(Grid):
def __init__(self):
super().__init__()
self.back = [[0 for i in range(0, self.cols)] for i in range(0, self.rows)]
self.matrix_o = [[0 for i in range(0, self.cols)] for i in range(0, self.rows)]
self.curRow = -10
self.curCol = -10
self.start = True
self.shape = -1
self.isDown = True
self.oldrow = 0
self.oldcol = 0
# 当前有方块的开始行
self.haverow = 29
self.nextBrick = -1
self.shape = 0
self.arr = [[0 for i in range(0, 3)] for i in range(0, 3)]
self.nextarr = [[0 for i in range(0, 3)] for i in range(0, 3)]
# 使用一个字典将数字与其对应的颜色存放起来
self.color = {0: 0x0000FF, 1: 0x00FF00, 2: 0xFF0000, 3: 0xFFFF00}
- 绘制当前的下落方块
def drawBack(self, rownum):
for i in range(self.haverow, rownum + 1):
for j in range(0, self.cols):
pos = (i, j)
if self.back[i][j] == 0:
self.drawgrid(pos, self.bg)
else:
self.drawgrid(pos, 0x00FFFF)
self.haverow += 1
if self.haverow >= self.rows:
self.haverow = self.rows - 1
def drawRect(self):
for i in range(0, len(self.nextarr)):
for j in range(0, len(self.nextarr[i])):
pos = (i, j)
if self.nextarr[i][j] == 0:
self.drawpre(pos, self.bg);
elif self.nextarr[i][j] == 1:
self.drawpre(pos, self.color[self.nextBrick])
# print(self.oldrow, self.oldcol)
# print(self.isDown)
for i in range(0, 3):
for j in range(0, 3):
print("oldrow+i=", self.oldrow + i, self.oldcol + j)
if ((self.oldrow + i) >= self.rows) or ((self.oldcol + j) >= self.cols) or ((self.oldcol + j) < -1):
break
if self.oldcol + j < 0:
pos = (self.oldrow + i, 0)
else:
pos = (self.oldrow + i, self.oldcol + j)
if self.back[self.oldrow + i][self.oldcol + j] == 0:
self.drawgrid(pos, self.bg);
# 绘制当前正在运动的方块
# print(self.curRow,self.curCol)
if (self.curRow != -10) and (self.curCol != -10):
for i in range(0, len(self.arr)):
for j in range(0, len(self.arr[i])):
if self.arr[i][j] == 1:
pos = (self.curRow + i, self.curCol + j)
if self.isDown:
if i < self.haverow:
self.haverow = i
self.drawgrid(pos, 0x00FFFF)
else:
self.drawgrid(pos, self.color[self.curBrick])
# 判断方块是否已经运动到达底部
if self.isDown:
for i in range(0, 3):
for j in range(0, 3):
if self.arr[i][j] != 0:
self.back[self.curRow + i][self.curCol + j] = self.arr[i][j]
self.oldrow = 0
self.oldcol = 0
# 判断整行消除
self.removeRow()
self.isDead()
# 获得下一个方块
self.getCurBrick()
else:
self.oldrow = self.curRow
self.oldcol = self.curCol
- 行的消除
# 判断是否有整行需要消除
def removeRow(self):
rownum = 0
print("removeRow")
for i in range(0, self.rows):
tag1 = True
for j in range(0, self.cols):
if self.back[i][j] == 0:
tag1 = False
break
if tag1 == True:
print(i, j)
rownum = i
# 从上向下挪动
for m in range(i - 1, 0, -1):
for n in range(0, self.cols):
self.back[m + 1][n] = self.back[m][n]
print(rownum)
if rownum > 0:
self.drawBack(rownum)
- 已固定的方块的渲染
def drawBack(self, rownum):
for i in range(self.haverow, rownum + 1):
for j in range(0, self.cols):
pos = (i, j)
if self.back[i][j] == 0:
self.drawgrid(pos, self.bg)
else:
self.drawgrid(pos, 0x00FFFF)
self.haverow += 1
if self.haverow >= self.rows:
self.haverow = self.rows - 1
# 获得当前的方块
def getCurBrick(self):
self.shape = 0
if self.nextBrick == -1:
self.curBrick = randint(0, len(brick) - 1)
self.nextBrick = randint(0, len(brick) - 1)
elif self.isDown:
self.curBrick = self.nextBrick
self.nextBrick = randint(0, len(brick) - 1)
self.nextarr = brick[self.nextBrick][self.shape]
# self.curBrick = 3
# 当前方块数组
self.arr = brick[self.curBrick][self.shape]
# self.nextarr = self.arr
self.curRow = -1
self.curCol = 8
# 是否到底部为False
self.isDown = False
- 按键控制
def onKeyboardEvent(self, key):
keymatch = ["Down", "Left", "Up", "Right"]
# 未开始，不必监听键盘输入
if self.start == False:
return
# 记录原来的值
tempCurCol = self.curCol
tempCurRow = self.curRow
tempShape = self.shape
tempArr = self.arr
direction = -1
print(keymatch[key])
if keymatch[key] == "Left":
# 左移
self.curCol -= 1
direction = 1
elif keymatch[key] == "Up":
# 变化方块的形状
self.shape += 1
direction = 2
if self.shape >= 4:
self.shape = 0
self.arr = brick[self.curBrick][self.shape]
elif keymatch[key] == "Right":
direction = 3
# 右移
self.curCol += 1
elif keymatch[key] == "Down":
direction = 4
# 下移
self.curRow += 2
if self.isEdge(direction) == False:
self.curCol = tempCurCol
self.curRow = tempCurRow
self.shape = tempShape
self.arr = tempArr
# self.drawRect()
return True
- 边界检测
# 判断当前方块是否到达边界
def isEdge(self, direction):
tag = True
# print(direction)
# 向左，判断边界
if direction == 1:
for i in range(0, 3):
for j in range(0, 3):
if (self.arr[j][i] != 0) and (
self.curCol + i < 0 or self.back[self.curRow + j][self.curCol + i] != 0):
tag = False
break
# 向右，判断边界
elif direction == 3:
for i in range(0, 3):
for j in range(0, 3):
if (self.arr[j][i] != 0) and (
self.curCol + i >= self.cols or self.back[self.curRow + j][self.curCol + i] != 0):
tag = False
break
# 向下，判断底部
elif direction == 4:
for i in range(0, 3):
for j in range(0, 3):
if (self.arr[i][j] != 0) and (
self.curRow + i >= self.rows or self.back[self.curRow + i][self.curCol + j] != 0):
tag = False
self.isDown = True
break
# 进行变形，判断边界
elif direction == 2:
if self.curCol < 0:
self.curCol = 0
if self.curCol + 2 >= self.cols:
self.curCol = self.cols - 3
if self.curRow + 2 >= self.rows:
self.curRow = self.curRow - 3
return tag
- 边界检测
def isDead(self):
for j in range(0, len(self.back[0])):
if self.back[0][j] != 0:
print("GAME OVER")
text.draw("GAME OVER", 34, 150, 0xFF0000, 0x000000)
self.start = False;
break;
- 主循环
# 方块向开始下移动
def brickStart(self):
while True:
# 需要进行垃圾回收
gc.collect()
if self.start == False:
print("exit thread")
break
if self.isDown:
self.getCurBrick()
i = 0
j = -1
for k in keys:
if k.value() == 0:
if i != j:
print("i=", i)
print("j=", j)
j = i
self.onKeyboardEvent(i)
i = i + 1
if i > 3:
i = 0
tempRow = self.curRow;
self.curRow += 1
if self.isEdge(4) == False:
self.curRow = tempRow
# 每一秒下降一格
time.sleep_ms(120)
self.drawRect()